The essential structural characteristic of all conjugated polymers is their quasi-infinite
system extending over a large number of recurring monomer units. This feature results in materials with directional conductivity, strongest along the axis of the chain [19]. The simplest possible form is of course the archetype polyacetylene (CH)x shown in Figure 1.2. While polyacetylene itself is too unstable to be of any practical value, its structure constitutes the core of all conjugated polymers. Owing to its structural and electronic simplicity, polyacetylene is well suited to ab initio and semi-empirical calculations and has therefore played a critical role in the elucidation of the theoretical aspects of conducting polymers.
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